Angina, a common condition linked to heart health, is characterized by chest pain or discomfort caused by reduced blood flow to the heart muscle. While angina is not a disease itself, it’s often a symptom of an underlying heart problem, such as coronary artery disease (CAD). Recognizing the symptoms and understanding proper care is essential for managing angina and improving overall heart health.

What Is Angina?

Angina occurs when the heart doesn’t receive enough oxygen-rich blood, usually due to narrowed or blocked coronary arteries. It’s commonly triggered by physical activity, stress, or other factors that increase the heart’s demand for oxygen. Angina is categorized into two main types:

1. Stable Angina: Predictable and occurs during physical exertion or stress.
2. Unstable Angina: Unexpected and can occur at rest, often signaling a medical emergency.

Symptoms of Angina

Angina symptoms can vary, but they often include:

• Chest Pain or Discomfort: A feeling of pressure, tightness, or burning in the chest.
• Pain in Other Areas: Discomfort may radiate to the arms, neck, jaw, shoulder, or back.
• Shortness of Breath: Especially during physical activity or stress.
• Fatigue: A general sense of weakness or tiredness.
• Dizziness or Nausea: Accompanying chest pain in some cases.

It's crucial to differentiateangina symptoms from those of a heart attack. If the pain is severe, lasts longer than a few minutes, or occurs at rest, seek emergency medical attention immediately.

Care and Management

Lifestyle Changes

• Healthy Diet: Focus on heart-healthy foods, such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins.
• Exercise: Engage in regular physical activity, but consult a doctor for a safe exercise plan.
• Stress Management: Practice relaxation techniques like meditation or yoga.
• Quit Smoking: Smoking significantly increases the risk of heart disease.

Medications

• Nitrates: To relieve chest pain.
• Beta-Blockers and Calcium Channel Blockers: To improve blood flow and reduce heart strain.
• Antiplatelet Drugs: To prevent blood clots.

Medical Procedures

• Angioplasty: Opens blocked arteries.
• Bypass Surgery: Creates a new path for blood to flow to the heart.

When to Seek Medical Help

If you experience chest pain that is new, worsening, or unrelieved by rest or medication, it’s critical to contact a healthcare provider immediately.

Conclusion

Angina is a manageable condition with the right combination of lifestyle changes, medications, and medical care. By recognizing the symptoms early and seeking proper treatment, you can reduce the risks associated with angina and maintain a healthier heart. Stay informed and proactive about your heart health—it’s a step toward a longer, healthier life.